Meningoencephalitisn.脑膜脑炎
Photophobian.畏光
Flucytosinen.氟胞嘧啶
Fluconazolen.氟康唑
Ourimageinclinicalmedicinefeaturesa36-year-oldmanwhopresentedtotheemergencydepartmentwitha2-weekhistoryoffever,headache,drowsiness,andphotophobia.Hewaspreviouslyhealthyandwassexuallyactivewithmen.Thephysicalexaminationwasnotableforatemperatureof38.3°Candneckstiffness.CToftheheadwasnormal.Theopeningpressureonlumbarpuncturewas29cmofwater.Thecerebrospinalfluid(CSF)cellcountwascellspermicroliterwith90%mononuclearcells,whichwerepredominantlylymphocytes.Gram’sstainandIndiainkstainrevealedabundantencapsulated,roundyeasts,withsomebuddingforms.Thecryptococcalantigentiterwas1:,andtheCSFculturegrewCryptococcusneoformans.Atestforthehumanimmunodeficiencyvirusantibodywaspositive,andtheCD4+countwas7cellspermicroliter.InductiontherapywithliposomalamphotericinBandflucytosinewasstarted,andresolutionofsymptomsandnegativeresultsonCSFculturewerenotedafter2weeksoftreatment.Consolidationtherapywithfluconazolewasstartedandantiretroviraltherapywaslaterprescribed.1
临床医学图片刊载了一名36岁男性，因发热、头痛、嗜睡和畏光两周至急诊就诊。患者既往健康，与男性发生性行为。体格检查中，值得注意的是体温38.3摄氏度和颈强直。头部CT正常。腰穿初压为29厘米水柱。脑脊液细胞计数为细胞/微升，90%为单核细胞，主要是淋巴细胞。革兰氏染色和印度墨汁染色显示大量带荚膜的圆形酵母，有一些出芽。隐球菌抗原滴度为1:，脑脊液培养有新型隐球菌生长。HIV抗体检测呈阳性，CD4+细胞计数为7细胞/微升。给予脂质体两性霉素B和氟胞嘧啶开始诱导治疗，两周后患者症状缓解并且脑脊液培养为阴性。给予氟康唑进行巩固治疗，而后开始抗病毒治疗。
1.医学单词记忆
-coccus构词成分球菌
Cryptococcusn.隐球菌
Diplococcusn.双球菌
Gonococcusn.淋球菌
Enterococcusn.肠球菌
Meningococcusn.脑膜炎球菌
Pneumococcusn.肺炎球菌
Streptococcusn.链球菌
Staphylococcusn.葡萄球菌
食物中毒FoodPoisoning
2.常用医学词组
Cryptococcusneoformans新型隐球菌
neckstiffness颈强直
lumbarpuncture腰穿
cerebrospinalfluid脑脊液
cellcount细胞计数
Gram’sstain革兰氏染色
Indiainkstain印度墨汁染色
humanimmunodeficiencyvirus
人类免疫缺陷病毒
HIV相关癌症和疾病HIV-AssociatedCancersandRelatedDiseases
CD4+countCD4细胞计数
amphotericinB两性霉素B
3.常用英语表述方式
1）体温38.3摄氏度
表述为thirty-eightpointthreedegreesCelsius
或者表述为thirty-eightpointthreedegreesCentigrade
2）细胞/微升
表述为threehundredandfortycellspermicroliter
3）29厘米水柱
表述为twenty-ninecentimetresofwater
Cryptococcusneoformansisafungusthatlivesintheenvironmentthroughouttheworld.Peoplecanbe治疗白癜风多少钱北京治疗白癜风哪家医院安全
